Crude Oils and Petroleum products

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The Ministry of Petroleum is a regulator. NNPC is a group of Refineries, producers in the Upstream, Midstream and Downstream sectors for marketing their Crude Oil grades. Verification can be administered professionally under the KYC compliance and due diligence process on our company portfolio, as per international standard policies through the Department of Petroleum Resources, Ministry of Petroleum and the NNPC COMD. Once orders are  placed this would also include the validity of the allotted allocation that we  hold with the buyer directly in communications with the NNPC Limited COMD [crude oil marketing department] management before any GTC-SPA contracts are signed between the  supplier and buyer.

• The Ministry of Petroleum (DPR) is a regulator. NNPC is a group of Refineries, producers in the Upstream, Midstream and Downstream sectors for marketing their Crude Oil grades. Verifications can be administered professionally under the KYC compliance and due diligence process on our company portfolio, as per international standard policies through the Department of Petroleum Resources, Ministry of Petroleum and the NNPC COMD. Once orders are  placed this would also include the validity of the allotted allocation thatwe  hold with the buyer directly in communications with the NNPC Limited COMD [crude oil marketing department] management before any GTC-SPA contracts are signed between the  supplier and buyer.

• Outsourcing is an agreement in which NNPC Limited has its indigenous regulated major  contracted to be responsible for a planned and existing sale of crude oil grades that involves transferring crude oil asset allocations from NNPC Limited to the supplier and for that allocation to be sold to a verified and accredited buyer (off-takers) and or exit buyers that pass compliance.

• Expediting services is the concept in purchasing and project management for securing the quality and quantity and results for crude oil contracts. Many third-party expeditors specialize in only one or several of these levels, while few offer expediting services on all levels and as a nominated major. 

• We source crude oils worldwide and our primary commercial expertise in operations for procurement's is based in the African markets. In line with our professional structure our management is very experienced in lifting, inspections, maritime notices and laws. All exports are throughout and loaded from the operated terminal or other terminals, which can accommodate VLCC loading. We are based in these Countries which have added a significant value to our credentials and supply to worldwide leading refineries. The structure of any transaction is risk complaint based on the financial expertise administered by our senior management. 

• Medium Oils: Most of the crude oil on the market these days falls into this category. Low volatility makes for messier & more complex “clean ups” and when it comes to the increased toxicity levels, as we have all lived long enough to see what “Medium Oil” spills can do to the local ocean life out on the seas or local wildlife. In the international petroleum industry  crude oil products are traded on various oil index bourses based on established chemical profiles, delivery locations, and financial terms. The chemical profiles, or crude oil assays specify important properties such as the oil's API gravity. The delivery locations are usually sea ports close to the oil fields from which the crude was obtained (and new fields are constantly being explored), and the pricing is usually quoted based on F.O.B incoterms. 

• Nigerian Bonny Light Crude Oil (BLCO).This crude oil is produced in Nigeria from Nigerian National, Petroleum Corporation, Chevron, Texaco and Shell concessions. Chevron Texaco’s exports are throughput and loaded from the Shell-operated Bonny Terminal, which can accommodate VLCC loading. The typical cargo size for this FOB assessment is 950,000 bbl. The current bbl/mt conversion factor for Bonny Light crude oil is 7.526 and typical output is around 540,000 barrels per day. Specifications are: API 32.9°, S.G. 0.8607, Sulphur 0.14%, Pour point 19°F, TAN 0.28 mg KOH/g, Nickel 3.9 ppm, Vanadium 0.4 ppm, Visc. (40°C) 4.16 cSt. 

• Agbami Crude. The grade is produced 70 miles offshore Nigeria and loads from the Agbami FPSO. Cargoes typically are typically made up of 975,000 barrel and peak production in 2010 is set for 250,000 b/d. Agbami is classified as light sweet crude with low acid content. Specifications are: API 46.3°, Sulfur 0.03%, Pour point 9°C, TAN <0.05 mg KOH/g, Visc. (40°C) 1.8 cSt. Production began in July 2008.

• Escravos Crude. The crude is produced in Nigeria and loaded from the Chevron Texaco-operated Escravos Terminal which can accommodate Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC) loading. The typical cargo size is 950 thousand barrels, but alternate cargo sizes can be arranged with advance planning. The production rate of the contributing fields is approximately 400 thousand barrels per day. The Escravos terminal is operated by Chevron Texaco and the standard output is 475,000 b/d. Other specifications are: API gravity 33°, S.G. 0.859 conversion rate 7.54, Sulphur 0.17 %, Pour point 3 °C, TAN 0.61 mg KOH/g, Nickel 4.1 ppm, Vanadium 0.5 wppm, Visc. (40°C) 5.46 cSt. 

• Qua Iboe Light Crude. The crude oil is produced from numerous offshore fields in the Bight of Biafra in south-eastern Nigeria, east of the Oso field. The crude, from fields, 20 to 40 miles offshore from Nigeria’s South Eastern region, are brought to shore via a seabed pipeline system to the Qua Iboe terminal (QIT). Production currently averages around 400kbd. ExxonMobil, as field operator, holds 40% interest in the field production mix with the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) having the remaining 60%. The API gravity for Qua Ibo is 36 degrees and the sulfur content is 0.1%. The Qua Iboe terminal is operated by ExxonMobil and output is typically around 520,000 b/d. The current bbl/mt conversion factor for Qua Iboe crude oil is 7.45. Other specifications are: S.G. 0.8461, Sulphur 0.13%, Pour point 12°C, TAN 0.40 mg KOH/g, Nickel 4.6 ppm, Vanadium 0.5 ppm, Visc. (40°C) 3.92 cSt. 

• Forcados Crude. Forcados is Nigerian crude with a low sulphur and low metals content. It is rich in distillates and has low fuel content. Average production: 420,000 bpd. Loading location is Forcados terminal. This crude has a larger distillate refining profile. Its API gravity is 24.4 degrees and has a sulfur content of 0.18% and it loads at the Shell-operated Forcados Terminal on the Niger Delta. The current bbl/mt conversion factor for Forcados crude oil is 7.223. Other specifications: Pour point <-36 °C, TAN 0.57 mg KOH/g, Nickel 1.9ppm, Vanadium 0.1ppm, Visc. (40°C) 11.05 cSt. 

• Brass River. The crude is a typical Nigerian high-quality West African gasoline and gasoil - oriented crude. Its gravity has become heavier over the past few years. Average production: 180,000 bpd. The loading terminal is Brass River operated by ENI and has a storage capacity 400,000 bbl. The crude has a low metal content and a high yield of gasoline and middle distillates with acceptable cetane index. Naphtha with an N+2A > 70, the naphtha is a good feedstock for gasoline production. Specifications are: API 36.3°, S.G. 0.8434 conversion rate 7.46, Sulphur 0.13 %, Pour point -12 °C, TAN 0.30 mg KOH/g, Nickel 1.9 wppm, 

• Brent Blend Crude. This is a major trading classification of sweet light crude oil that serves as a major  benchmark price for purchases of oil worldwide. Brent Crude is sourced from the North Sea and comprises Brent Blend, Forties Blend, Oseberg and Ekofisk crudes (also known as the BFOE Quotation). The Brent Crude oil marker is also known as Brent Blend, London Brent and Brent petroleum. The other well-known classifications (also called references or benchmark)  are the OPEC Reference Basket, Dubai Crude, Oman Crude and West Texas Intermediate . Brent is the leading global price benchmark for Atlantic basin crude oils. It is used to price two thirds of the world's  internationally traded crude oil supplies. 

•  Dubai Crude. Dubai Crude is a light sour crude oil extracted from Dubai. Dubai Crude is used as a price benchmark or oil marker because it is one of only a few Persian Gulf  crude oils available immediately and exported to Asia. The Dubai benchmark is also known as Fateh is used in the United Arab Emirates Forward trade of Dubai Crude is limited to one or two months. It has a gravity of 31° API (specific gravity of 0.871) and a sulfur content of 2%/weight.

• Many other international crude oil

• Natural gas. We are in discussions with prominent and established refineries and majors worldwide for Natural Gas sales. Our sourcing and distribution is in line with the demand for the emerging markets in the Asian and African continents. The sanctity of price formulas in long-term contracts could begin to unravel, with buyers, sellers, and - perhaps most importantly - financiers starting to question the value of long-term LNG contracts so a buyer might more openly pursue a strategy of buying low-priced spot cargoes while backing out of long-term contracted volumes. 

• Shipping quality assurances, shipping management systems and quality, shipping operations contingency plans and risk mitigation is of strategic importance on the supply chain of events that would take place on the inauguration with the Government buyers (NOGCs) and refineries or majors alike. 

• We are very specific on the procurement DES incoterm structure. Once acknowledged and compliance (due diligence) is administered on behalf of the department’s heads, we can submit the said terms, conditions and procedures to commence with face to face meetings with the refineries or majors in question.  

• The Henry Hub is a distribution hub on the natural gas pipeline system in Erath Louisiana owned by Sabine Pipe Line LLC a subsidiary of Chevron Corporation. Due to its importance, it lends its name to the pricing point for natural gas fixtures contracts traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) and traded on the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE). 

• Spot and future natural gas prices set at Henry Hub are denominated in $/MMBtu (millions of British Terminal Units) and are generally seen to be the primary price set for the North American natural gas market. North American unregulated wellhead prices are closely correlated to those set at Henry Hub. 

• Prices do not include costs to then liquefy the natural gas and or shipment costs under LNG carriers from port of loading to port of destination and offloading LNG from LNG carriers to floating storage and regasification units associated with the final selling price of Liquefied Natural Gas. 

• We also use JKM (Japan Korean Marker) index pricing for the Asian markets.   

• LNG. Liquefied natural gas or LNG is natural gas (predominantly methane CH4) that has been converted to liquid form for ease of storage or transport. Liquefied natural gas takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas in the gaseous state. It is odorless, colorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive. Hazards include flammability after vaporization into a gaseous state, freezing and asphyxia.   

• The LNG process: The gas is first extracted and transported to a processing plant where it is purified by removing any condensates such as water, oil, mud, as well as other gases such as CO2 and H2S. LNG is finally stored in storage tanks and can be loaded and shipped. 

• LNG is cost efficient to transport over long distances where pipelines do not exist. Specially designed cryogenic sea vessels (LNG carriers) or cryogenic road tankers are used for its transport. LNG is principally used for transporting natural gas to markets, where it is regasified and distributed as pipeline natural gas. It can be used in natural gas vehicles  although it is more common to design vehicles to use compressed natural gas Its relatively high cost of production and the need to store it, in expensive cryogenic tanks have hindered widespread commercial use.

• Liquefied Petroleum Gas; (Propane & Butane). We are working directly with some OPEC members affiliated companies to market propane & butane under Argus or CP Aramco pricing index and to commence with business we can supply under a FOB-DES incoterm spot contract. Propane & Butane is to be packaged in separate refrigerated compartments of a refrigerated LPG vessel which would be then discharged at various ports in Asia and Africa.

• Liquefied Petroleum Gas, also called LPG, GPL, LP Gas, liquid petroleum gas or simply propane or butane is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances  and vehicles. It is increasingly used as an aerosol propellant and a refrigerant  replacing chlorofluorocarbons in an effort to reduce damage to the ozone layer. When specifically used as a vehicle fuel it is often referred to as auto gas. The international standard is EN 589. 

• LPG is prepared by refining petroleum or "wet" natural gas and is almost entirely derived from fossil fuel sources, being manufactured during the refining of petroleum (crude oil), or extracted from petroleum or natural gas streams as they emerge from the ground. It currently provides about 3% of all energy consumed, and burns relatively cleanly with no soot and very few sulfur emissions. As it is a gas, it does not pose ground or water pollution hazards, but it can cause air pollution.  

• LPG is heavier than air unlike natural gas and thus will flow along floors and tend to settle in low spots, such as basements. Large amounts of LPG can be stored in bulk cylinders and can be buried underground. 

• Uses

1. Rural heating 
2. Motor fuel
3. Refrigeration
4. Cooking

• Our marketing strategy of refined products is tailored to markets worldwide. To satisfy the growing demand vs. the supply, we base our analysis on accurate and precise detailed finished products that are available for supply from refineries worldwide and are published on the request of the official buyers once compliance is administered by our management team. The strength of our growing business relationships with our clientele, along with our best business practices and market index prices under a spot or long-term contract gives our group that competitive edge, based on the values of trust and the reliability to deliver. We apply risk management to our pre-financed models which are tailor made for the individual corporate clients who can proceed.  

• Light Distillates which include: Jet Fuel, Gasoline, Kerosene, Light Virgin Naphtha, Heavy Virgin Naphtha, Petroleum Ether, Petroleum Spirit, and Petroleum Naphtha. These oils tend to be highly volatile and can evaporate within just a couple of days, which quickly diffuses and decreases toxicity levels. 

1. Jet fuel, Grade 54 (Jet fuel 3). 
2. Jet A
3. TS 1 

• Gasoline 

1. Gasoline 87 Octane 
2. Gasoline 89 Octane 
3. Gasoline 93 Octane 

• Petrol is a transparent petroleum derived oil that is used primarily as a fuel in internal combustion engines. It consists mostly of organic compounds obtained by the fractional distillation  of petroleum, enhanced with a variety of additives. Some gasolines also contain ethanol as an alternative fuel.  In North America, the term gasoline is often shortened in usage to gas. This requires petroleum fuel in a gaseous state to be referred to as natural gas to avoid confusion with liquid "gas". Elsewhere petrol is the common name in the UK, Republic of Ireland, and Australia and in most of the other Commonwealth  countries. Gasoline is available in three octane grades, all developed on a molecular level to clean up intake valves and keep vital engine parts like fuel injectors clean for better fuel economy. Branded retail gasoline meets top tier detergent Gasoline standards. 

• Middle Distillates which include: Most Grade 1 and Grade 2 Fuel Oils and Diesel Fuel Oils as well as Most Domestic Fuels and Light Crude Marine Gas Oils. These oils are moderately volatile, less evaporative and moderately toxic. 

1. Gasoil (ppm)

1. LPFO Virgin D6 
2. Euro Diesel 
3. Automotive Gasoil’s
4. Marine Gas

1. Mazut 
2. CST Fuel Oil Fuel 180- 280 -380
3. Bitumen 

• Fuel oil is a fraction obtained from petroleum distillation either as a distillate or a residue. Broadly speaking fuel oil is any liquid petroleum product that is burned in a furnace or boiler for the generation of heat or used in an engine for the generation of power, except oils having a flash point of approximately 40 °C (104 °F) and oils burned in cotton or wool-wick burners. In this sense, diesel is a type of fuel oil. Fuel oil is made of long hydrocarbons chains, particularly alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatics.  The term fuel oil is also used in a stricter sense to refer only to the heaviest commercial fuel that can be obtained from crude oil i.e. heavier than gasoline and naphtha. Asphalt - Bitumen -Grades 6/12 -10/20 -20/30 -30/40 -40/50 -60/70 -80/100 -100/120 -180-200 -MC30 Cutback Bitumen-MC70 Cutback Bitumen -Oxidized Bitumen  R85/25 – Oxidized Bitumen.